How to Choose a City to Move To: A Data-First Guide
Published April 18, 2026 · Guide
Most relocation advice is vibes plus a Zillow screenshot. This guide flips the order: start with the public data the federal government already publishes, then narrow down to the 2-3 cities where a visit makes sense.
Start With Three Questions
- What will your daily life look like? Commute, childcare, groceries, gym, family visits.
- Who do you need to be close to? Parents, work, a hospital, a specific school.
- What can you not trade away? Clean air, good public schools, low crime, short commute — pick two.
Then Check These Seven Federal Data Signals
- FBI violent crime rate per 100k. Numbers above 500/100k are high; below 200/100k is notably safe. (see ranking)
- EPA SDWIS water violations. Any pattern of repeated health-based violations is a red flag, even in nice neighborhoods. (see ranking)
- EPA AQS median AQI. Median AQI over ~60 means frequent unhealthy air days, especially for kids and older adults. (see ranking)
- NCES/EDFacts school proficiency. District-level proficiency <50% in math or reading is a warning sign, regardless of school name recognition. (see ranking)
- Census ASPEP municipal per-capita spending. Very high or very low per-capita spending both point to fiscal stress. (see ranking)
- CMS HCAHPS hospital ratings. Cities with fewer than two 4-5 star hospitals within driving distance are thin on care options. (see ranking)
- Climate and weather. Not a MoveScore input, but should be checked against NOAA data for your specific tolerance.
How to Use MoveScore Profiles
Start with a best-overall ranking to surface candidate cities. Open three to five city profiles. Look at the individual sub-scores, not just the composite — a city with a B composite that’s strong on schools and hospitals but weak on fiscal health may still be the right fit for your family if the failing sub-score doesn’t affect your daily life.
Red Flags to Watch For
- Exactly three sub-scores available. MoveScore needs three to compute a composite, but three is the floor. If a city is missing data for schools, water, or crime, the picture is incomplete.
- A high composite driven by one category. A city that grades A on hospitals but D on crime may still show a B composite. Read the breakdown.
- Weak fiscal score in a rapidly growing metro. Growth can paper over fiscal stress for a few years, then crack.
FAQ
What is the single most important factor when choosing a city?
None, in isolation. A top safety score means nothing if the water fails EPA tests, and a clean-air city with failing schools doesn't work for families. Rank what matters to you across all six federal livability dimensions, then filter.
Should I visit before I move?
Yes, but visit during the worst season and midweek. A July visit tells you nothing about January wind chill; a Saturday visit tells you nothing about Tuesday traffic or trash pickup.
How far in advance should I start researching?
At least 90 days for a considered move. That gives you time to read federal data for 3-5 finalist cities, visit one or two, and compare school zoning, insurance costs, and commute before signing a lease.
All data cited traces to federal public sources. No surveys, no paid placement.